When you gonna let me rhyme on something? Why I gotta beef with everybody?'" But, like I said, we would sit in the studio, and he’d put on a beat, and he would sit next to me and be like ‘yo, I want you to talk that sh*t on this one.’ I’m like ‘Dre, that’s what you say on every track you play, bruh. I’m looking at it like ‘Yeah, get with Dre.’ I wanted to make a mega project that wasn’t…of course it’s hip-hop, but I wanted everybody to be able to listen to it, get this opportunity. I had grown up a little bit, trying to elevate with music, as well. "That’s his formula, but I thought at that point I should be doing something different. "I guess listening to certain songs that I did– listening to stories– I guess he wanted me to do that…a gangsta rap album, I guess," Rakim revealed. During a lengthy interview with Toure on Vlad TV, Ra laid it all bare. Upon relocating to California and setting up shop, an ideological divide began to open up between the Dre and Rakim, that they clearly hadn’t anticipated. To be able to be on a joint with Dre and Jay let people know that yeah, I’ve been around for a while, but I know what I’m doing."Īs for what exactly went wrong, the dialogue has been one-way. Everyone was categorizing rappers, “old school” or this. "I’m glad Jay did it… I needed that at that time," Rakim told The Breakfast Club in September 2019. Save for the bhangra-infused hit “Addictive” with former Aftermath signee Truth Hurts and his formidable contribution to Eminem’s 8 Mile OST, all that remains is a smattering of leaked tracks including the gripping “After You Die” and “The Watcher Pt 2” from Jay Z’s The Blueprint: The Gift & The Curse. Now, there remains very little as evidence that the two ever even had a partnership. The pair "mutually decided to go their separate ways," declared Ra’s manager Zach Katz in a statement. "There are reasons, but I really can't get into them, just basically creative differences. ![]() Yet by 2003, the ties between the two were severed without this potentially seminal album ever seeing the light of day. Left stationary within an ever-changing landscape, Dre’s guidance and awareness of the modern marketplace seemed like all it’d take for The God MC to reassume the throne. A few years later, the stars had aligned at a time where Ra had found himself out on a limb. After all, Dre had regained the Midas touch, striking gold with not only Eminem but his own return to the fray on 2001. After admiring one another from afar, Rakim had first mentioned that “Dre‘s been putting the word out that he wants to do some beats for me” way back in 1995. This is going to be the biggest hip-hop record ever, straight up and coming at you from Aftermath, baby, so fuck all of y'all."Īn emphatic statement if ever there was one, it’s easy to see why the producer had high hopes for helming a new Rakim album. “We just signed Rakim to our label, straight up," he said, "Rakim is on Aftermath, and the name of his album is going to be Oh My God. Announced while the Compton mastermind was on location at the video shoot for “Stan” in October 2000, Dre made the acquisition public in a brash fashion that captured the mood of his Interscope- backed imprint at the time. Just as his controversy-courting protégé Eminem had helped rescue him from a time where his position seemed precarious, Dre looked to pay it forward to one of the genre’s true innovators. In his time of need, a West Coast icon parachuted into his orbit with an outstretched hand. To put this sharp decline into perspective, his 1997 comeback album The 18th Letter secured the number four spot with ease. Even with its noteworthy attributes and an immense, Primo-crafted lead single “ When I B On Tha Mic,” the album peaked at number 72 on the Billboard charts. His sophomore solo album, 1999’s The Master was an accomplished body of work that featured phenomenal production from the likes of DJ Premier and Clark Kent while displaying his lyrical prowess in all its glory. The reverence for his skills hadn’t depleted, but he’d reached something of a crossroads when it came to shifting units. ![]() Still, there was a time where the New York native was languishing in the commercial doldrums.
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Memory size is 8 G B per core, or 64 G B per board, with 2400 G B / s overall memory bandwidth. Total ML acceleration for a Cloud TPU v2 platform is 180 T F L O P S. One TPU v2 package supports 45 TFLOPS and contains 2 cores. Įach TPU board contains four TPU packages (the default Cloud TPU configuration). Its system architecture includes a Cloud Engine VM, a Cloud TPU server, Google Cloud storage, and a Cloud TPU board. The TPU is a Cloud TPU instance to which we were given academic access in February 2018. These insights could not be discovered with either the small point spaceĮxploration of the real-world benchmark suites or DeepBench’s microbenchmarks,which do not capture inter-operation dependencies Insights about hardware performance sensitivity to model attributes allow interpolating and extrapolating to future models of interest. The complexity of ParaDnn workloads is comparable to that of real-world models (e.g., ResNet50 and Transformer), as will be shown “end-to-end” models covering current and future applications, and parameterizing the models to explore a much larger design space of DNN model attributes.įor example, a single end-to-end CNN model from ParaDnn containsĪ mixture of many different layers with different sizes of convolution, batch normalization, pooling, and FC layers. ParaDnn has the advantages of the above approaches, To complement existing benchmark suites for this study, we introduce ParaDnn, a parameterized benchmark suite for deep learning. ![]() ![]() There is huge potential to optimize compilers TensorFlow and CUDA teams provide substantial performance Larger batch sizes, resulting in super-linear speedups.ġ4. Significantly improves TPU and GPU performance. Smaller data types save memory traffic and enable It is easier to optimize for certain models Within seven months, the software stack specialized for TPU GPU is more flexible to parallelize non-MatMuls.ġ2. GPU performance scales better with RNN embedding size than TPU. TPU is optimized for both CNN and RNN models.ġ1. TPU achieves 2 × (CNN) and 3 × (RNN) FLOPS utilization compared to GPU. TPU architecture is highly optimized for large CNNs.ġ0. TPU speedup over GPU increases with larger CNNs. Smaller FC models prefer TPU and larger FC models prefer GPU.įC needs more memory bandwidth per core (GPU).ĩ. Warp scheduling is flexible for small batches.Ĩ. Large batches pack well on systolic arrays Need for model parallelism on GPU and TPU.ħ. The largest FC models prefer CPU due to memory constraints. Ones by 3 ×, and large embeddings by > 3 ×, compared to v2.Ħ. TPU v3 optimizes compute-bound MatMuls by 2.3 ×, memory-boundĬapacity, and intra-chip and host-device interconnect). System configurations (FLOPS, memory bandwidth/ĥ. TPU performance can be improved by ≥ 34% by improving data infeed. Mix from key workloads (arithmetic intensity) andĤ. TPU suffers large overheads due to inter-chip communication bottlenecks. ![]() ![]() Need to consider interactions between the operationģ. Many FC and CNN operations are bottlenecked by TPU memory bandwidth. To design/upgrade new specialized systems, architectsĢ. TPU does not exploit the parallelism from the model depth (layer count). ParaDnn allows systematic benchmarking across almost six orders-of-magnitude of model parameter size, exceedingġ. ParaDnn seamlessly generates thousands of parameterized multi-layer models, comprisingįully-connected models (FC), convolutional neural networks (CNN), and recurrent neural networks (RNN). In order to support broad and comprehensive benchmark studies, we introduce ParaDnn, a parameterized deep learningīenchmark suite. This paper proposes a collection of deep learning models (for training) created and curated to benchmark a set of state-of-the-art deep learning platforms. Not only is the cascading effect in the latter case less spectacular, but you'll also lose a lot of your water because it won't fall cleanly into the pond. When rocks have blunt, gently curving edges, some of the water tends to follow that curve and trickle back under the rocks. Water will cascade more cleanly over such edges. They should also have sharp, squarish edges. The spillway rocks should be relatively flat (as opposed to rocks that are more rounded in shape). This gives your cascade design two levels (separate waterfalls, if you will), for greater visual impact. You can consider using two such rocks, one above the other. The most important rocks are what might be termed the spillway rocks: the rocks directly over which the water will cascade. And that means taking another look at the rocks you'll be using. ![]() Now it's time to turn your attention to a more exciting structure: the cascade design itself. With the pond complete, that means one of your two structures is out of the way. Since this water feature is intended only for decoration and for relaxation (it's not a fish pool or koi pond), there's no reason to keep it running if you're not there to enjoy it. Of course, if you're frugal, you'll unplug the pump when you're not around anyhow, to save money on electricity. Should the pond go dry due to water loss, you'll burn out the pump.Ĭonsequently, you must turn off the pump overnight or when leaving your property. But regardless of how well you do at minimizing water loss, it is prudent to check the level of your waterfall pond water periodically. Not even enough to suit you? Then extract the liner and scrape the sand at the bottom this way and that to even the liner until you're satisfied it is level.īefore moving on to the waterfall structure itself, a word of caution: Be sure to consider strategies for minimizing water loss from the start. Determine whether it's even by placing a carpenter's level on top of it (front to back, as well as left to right). Put the preformed liner into the hole for the waterfall pond. This slight elevation will minimize the problem of soil spilling into the waterfall pond. Apply approximately one inch of sand at the bottom, so that the rim of the liner stands an inch or so above the ground. Indeed, plan on shoveling sand into the bottom of the hole, as sand gives you a base that is malleable (allowing you to play with the height of the preformed liner). But if the hole ends up being too big, you can correct your mistake afterward by applying sand. ![]() The depth and diameter of your waterfall pond's hole should roughly match the corresponding dimensions for your preformed liner. ![]() Besides, the overhang of the waterfall structure will just be in your way while digging. If you were to build the cascading waterfall structure first and then dig the waterfall pond, you might undermine those rocks. This entails placing some of the bottom rocks very close to the waterfall pond. Take care of the waterfall pond structure first, simply because you'll be laying your rocks for the cascading waterfall structure in such a way that the front of it overhangs the waterfall pond. There is an easy way to guide your shovel as you dig: turn the liner over on the ground, upside-down, where you want the pond to be, and trace out your circle. The Spruce Home Improvement Review BoardĮxcavate the hole into which your liner will be inserted. ![]() This project not only promises economic growth but also underscores our dedication to preserving our environment for generations to come.” “We are thrilled that CF Industries and POSCO are considering this opportunity here. “In Ascension Parish, we embrace innovation and progress,” said Kate MacArthur, President and CEO, Ascension Economic Development Corporation. In 2022, it announced two major projects in Louisiana a $198.5 million plan to add carbon capture and sequestration capability to its existing ammonia production facility in Donaldsonville and a proposed $2 billion world-scale low-carbon ammonia production facility in Ascension Parish. The project under consideration is part of CF Industries’ commitment to produce ammonia for clean energy applications while decarbonizing its ammonia production process. Together, we're sowing the seeds of a cleaner, greener tomorrow." “A future will offer new job opportunities and skill development that will enhance the employability of our community members and an increased tax revenue stream that will improve public services, infrastructure, safety and healthcare. “The potential location of CF Industries’ low-carbon ammonia manufacturing plant marks another significant milestone in our journey toward a sustainable future,” Ascension Parish President Clint Cointment said. Construction and commissioning of a new world-scale capacity ammonia plant typically takes approximately four years from that point. ![]() We look forward to working with them further as we evaluate this proposed facility that could further the growth of decarbonized industry in the state.”ĬF Industries and POSCO expect to complete an initial front-end engineering design (FEED) study on the proposed site in the second half of 2024 and make a final investment decision for the project shortly thereafter. “We appreciate the partnership we have had with the state of Louisiana and Ascension Parish over the years as we have expanded our operations, taken industry-leading steps to decarbonize our existing assets and now as we explore new, low-carbon ammonia production capacity. “We believe that low-carbon ammonia will play a critical role in accelerating the world’s transition to clean energy, and this proposed new project confirms the global impact we can have in decarbonizing hard-to-abate industries,” CF Industries President and CEO Tony Will said. ATR technology, when combined with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), is expected to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from the ammonia production process by more than 90% compared to conventional plants without CCS. The companies are exploring the use of autothermal reforming (ATR) ammonia production technology for the proposed facility. “I thank CF Industries for continuing to recognize Louisiana’s unique advantages for energy and manufacturing innovation, and look forward to supporting the creation of quality, high-paying jobs for our state’s skilled workforce if the project moves forward.” “CF Industries is a global leader in the decarbonization of industrial processes and we are excited that they are considering additional investments in Louisiana to support these efforts,” Gov. Louisiana Economic Development estimates the project would result in an additional 177 new indirect jobs, for a total of 227 potential new jobs in the Capital Region. It became the Gonzales Weekly Citizen in 2007 when The Gonzales Weekly (founded in 1920) merged with The Ascension Citizen (founded in 1996).If the project moves forward as outlined, CF Industries expects to create 50 direct new jobs with average annual salaries of more than $106,000, while retaining 541 current positions. The Ascension Citizen was founded by Mark Anderson in 1996 as a competitor of the other Ascension Parish newspapers, The Gonzales Weekly and The Donaldsonville Chief, and within its first few years circulation surpassed 10,000. The Gonzales Weekly Citizen covers local news throughout Ascension Parish and the surrounding area. The newspaper also has received recognition for its assistance with the parish's volunteer organization. The newspaper has received several Louisiana Press Association awards. The circulation is estimated to be 1,600. The Gonzales Weekly Citizen is a member of the Louisiana Press Association. The Gonzales Weekly Citizen has served as the official journal for several entities, including Ascension Parish government, the Ascension Parish Sheriff's Office, the city of Gonzales and the town of Sorrento, Louisiana. The Gonzales Weekly Citizen is a weekly newspaper published every Thursday in Gonzales, Louisiana by GateHouse Media. |
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